Cocoa Flavanols
Cocoa flavanols are a class of naturally occurring plant compounds called flavonoids, which are specifically found in cocoa beans. These compounds contribute to the unique flavor and aroma of cocoa, making it a cherished treat enjoyed by many. One of the remarkable attributes of cocoa flavanols is their potent antioxidant activity which are renowned for their ability to counteract oxidative stress and neutralize harmful free radicals, that may contribute to various chronic diseases. Cocoa flavanols
can help protect the body's cells from oxidative damage, promoting overall health and well-being. Research suggests that cocoa flavanols may hold significant advantages for cardiovascular health. These compounds have been shown to promote blood vessel dilation, improve blood flow, and potentially reduce the risk of heart disease. Besides this, consumption of cocoa flavanols has also been associated with improvements in blood pressure and overall vascular function.
Increase vasodilation of peripheral blood vessels
Cocoa flavanols, with their remarkable antioxidant properties, continue to astound researchers with their potential role in promoting vasodilation of peripheral blood vessels. Consumption of flavanol-rich cocoa or chocolate has been associated with improved vascular function, including increased peripheral blood flow and enhanced endothelial function. One of the mechanisms by which cocoa flavanols may promote vasodilation is through the production and bioavailability of nitric oxide.
Helps offset effects of chronic stress
Recent research suggests that cocoa flavanols, abundant in cocoa beans, may provide a natural means of combating the effects of chronic stress. These compounds are known for their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, which may help counteract the physiological changes induced by stress. Cocoa flavanols also have been shown to have favorable effects on mood regulation, helping to alleviate feelings of stress, anxiety, and depression. Additionally, they may aid in the modulation of stress-related hormones, such as cortisol, which can contribute to a sense of well-being.
Enhances exercise performance
One of the key benefits of cocoa flavanols is their ability to improve oxygen utilization during exercise. By enhancing blood flow and stimulating the production of nitric oxide, cocoa flavanols can facilitate oxygen delivery to muscles, leading to improved endurance and performance. Cocoa flavanols also possess potent antioxidant properties that may aid in muscle recovery and reduce the onset of exercise-induced fatigue, allowing for quicker and more efficient post-workout recovery.
Relevant Sources:
Loffredo L, Perri L, Catasca E, Pignatelli P, Brancorsini M, Nocella C, De Falco E, Bartimoccia S, Chiesa M, Frati G, Carnevale R, Violi F. (2011). Dark chocolate acutely improves walking autonomy in patients with peripheral artery disease. J Am Heart Assoc. 2014 Nov 4;3(6):e001072. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.114.001072.
Faridi Z, Njike VY, Dutta S, Ali A, Katz DL. (2008). Acute dark chocolate and cocoa ingestion and endothelial function: a randomized controlled crossover trial. Am J Clin Nutr. 2008 Jul;88(1):58-63. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/88.1.58.
Pase, M.P., Scholey, A.B., Pipingas, A., Kras, M., Nolidin, K., Gibbs, A., Wesnes, K., & Stough, C. (2013). Cocoa polyphenols enhance positive mood states but not cognitive performance: A randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Journal of Psychopharmacology, 27(5), 451-458. doi: 10.1177/0269881112473791
Heinrichs, M., Baumgartner, T., Kirschbaum, C., & Ehlert, U. (2003). Social support and oxytocin interact to suppress cortisol and subjective responses to psychosocial stress. Biological Psychiatry, 54(12), 1389-1398. doi: 10.1016/s0006-3223(03)00465-7.
Decroix, L., Tonoli, C., Soares, D.D., Descat, A., Drittij-Reijnders, M.J.E., Weseler, A.R., Bast, A., & Stahl, W. (2017). Acute cocoa flavanol supplementation improves muscle oxygenation and performance during physical exercise: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Sports Medicine, 47(3), 677-692. doi: 10.1007/s40279-016-0630-6
Ramirez-Sanchez, I., Nogueira, L., Moreno, A., Murphy, A., Taub, P.R., Ceballos, G., & Hogan, M. (2013). Stimulatory effects of the flavanol (-)-epicatechin on cardiac angiogenesis: Additive effects with exercise. Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology, 62(4), 352-361. doi: 10.1097/FJC.0b013e31829ef315
Epicatechin
Epicatechin belongs to the class of chemical compounds known as flavanols, which are naturally occurring plant compounds found abundantly in foods such as dark chocolate, berries, tea, and various fruits. Epicatechin has been widely studied for its powerful antioxidant properties. Studies also suggest that this compound may have beneficial effects on blood vessel function and heart health. Specifically, it is believed to promote vasodilation, which aids in maintaining healthy blood pressure
levels and enhancing blood flow. Epicatechin holds immense promise in promoting human health and well-being. With its potent antioxidant properties and potential cardiovascular benefits, it serves as a remarkable compound found in various delightful sources like dark chocolate, and berries. While further research is needed to fully comprehend its wide-ranging effects, embracing the inclusion of epicatechin-rich foods in a balanced diet may offer potential advantages for overall health.
Improves blood volume travelled by 22%
Studies discovered the connection between the consumption of cocoa and dark chocolate and its association with a lower risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Relevant research presents that the consumption of cocoa significantly increased the basal diameter and peak diameter of the brachial artery by 6% (plus 2 mm), indicating improved vessel dilation. Moreover, it also led to an impressive 22% increase in basal blood flow volume.
Provides a beneficial impact to cardiovascular health without major side effects
An intriguing aspect studies regarding epicatechin is that its positive effects on cardiovascular health were observed without any adverse effects on body weight or body composition. This suggests that incorporating natural cocoa and dark chocolate into one's diet can potentially contribute to maintaining cardiovascular well-being without concerns about unwanted changes in weight or body composition.
Increases the diameter of the blood vessel
Studies have revealed that epicatechin activates various mechanisms in our bodies to promote the expansion of blood vessels. Epicatechin has been found to enhance the bioavailability of nitric oxide, which acts a vasodilator, resulting in improved blood flow and potential cardiovascular benefits. Epicatechin can also stimulate the release of vasoactive substances like nitric oxide and prostacyclin. By doing so, epicatechin induces a state of relaxation in the endothelial cells lining blood vessels, effectively expanding them and enhancing blood flow.
Relevant Sources:
West, S., McIntyre, M., Piotrowski, M., Poupin, N., Miller, D., Preston, A., . . . Skulas-Ray, A. (2014). Effects of dark chocolate and cocoa consumption on endothelial function and arterial stiffness in overweight adults. British Journal of Nutrition, 111(4), 653-661. doi:10.1017/S0007114513002912
Grassi D, Desideri G, Necozione S, et al. Blood pressure is reduced and insulin sensitivity increased in glucose-intolerant, hypertensive subjects after 15 days of consuming high-polyphenol dark chocolate. J Nutr. 2008 Sep;138(9):1671-6. doi: 10.1093/jn/138.9.1671. PMID: 18716168.
Lorenz M, Wessler S, Follmann E, Michaelis W, Dusterhoft T, Baumann G, et al. A constituent of green tea, epigallocatechin-3-gallate, activates endothelial nitric oxide synthase by a phosphatidylinositol-3-OH-kinase-, cAMP-dependent protein kinase-, and Akt-dependent pathway and leads to endothelial-dependent vasorelaxation. J Biol Chem. 2004;279(7):6190-5.
West, S., McIntyre, M., Piotrowski, M., Poupin, N., Miller, D., Preston, A., . . . Skulas-Ray, A. (2014). Effects of dark chocolate and cocoa consumption on endothelial function and arterial stiffness in overweight adults. British Journal of Nutrition, 111(4), 653-661. doi:10.1017/S0007114513002912
Lorenz M, Wessler S, Follmann E, Michaelis W, Dusterhoft T, Baumann G, et al. A constituent of green tea, epigallocatechin-3-gallate, activates endothelial nitric oxide synthase by a phosphatidylinositol-3-OH-kinase-, cAMP-dependent protein kinase-, and Akt-dependent pathway and leads to endothelial-dependent vasorelaxation. J Biol Chem. 2004;279(7):6190-5.
West, S., McIntyre, M., Piotrowski, M., Poupin, N., Miller, D., Preston, A., . . . Skulas-Ray, A. (2014). Effects of dark chocolate and cocoa consumption on endothelial function and arterial stiffness in overweight adults. British Journal of Nutrition, 111(4), 653-661. doi:10.1017/S0007114513002912
*These statements have not been evaluated by the FDA. Products are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease.
